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Services

Services

U20-S013. Detection of microbial (bacterial and mycoplasma) contaminationpre

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U29-S02. Modification of oligonucleotides. (Remote) OUTSTANDING

Modification of oligonucleotides

This service is dedicated to the custom synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates including oligonucleotides carrying lipids, amino acids, peptides or carbohydrates. In addition, they may include other modifications such as phosphorothioate linkages, 2’-O-methyl-RNA, 2’-O-MOE-RNA, 2′-F-RNA, Locked nucleic acids (LNA), modified nucleotides. The oligonucleotides will be prepared in 1 micromol scale. In most cases, the preparation of the conjugates will require the preparation of oligonucleotides carrying reactive groups such as; amino or thiol groups, which will be subjected to a post-synthetic modification. Purification and characterization will include reversed-phase HPLC analysis and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF).

Modification of oligonucleotides during and post synthesis to meet user requirements:

  • Conjugation of oligonucleotides with fluorophores (fluoresceine, Cy3, Ct5, etc..) and other types of small molecules such as biotine, lipids.
  • Conjugation to peptides.
  • Phosphorothioate linkages
  • Modified backbones such as locked nucleic acids (LNA), 2’-O-alkyl-RNA, etc..
  • Modified nucleobases: 2-aminopurine, 5-methyl-dC, etc…
  • 5’, 3’-modifications such as 5’-, 3’-amino, 5’-, 3’-thiol, etc..

Customer benefits

The service benefits from the 40-years’ experience of the researchers participating in the service, with hundreds of scientific communications on improving the methodology used for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. This includes fatty acid derivatives, amino acids, cell penetrating peptides and carbohydrates not available from other services. In addition, the service can develop customized solutions for molecules not addressed in the bibliography.

Target customer

The primary audience are research groups and companies working on gene therapy and gene inhibition in the early stages of preclinical development.

References

1) “Aptamer-peptide conjugates as a new strategy to modulate human α-thrombin binding affinity”. Aviñó, A. et al. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (General subjects), 1863, 1610-1630 (2019).
2) “Synthesis of oligonucleotides carrying amino-lipid groups at the 3’-end for RNA interference studies”. Grijalvo, S. et al. J. Org. Chem., 75, 6806-6813 (2010).
3) “Synthesis and evaluation of 3’ oleyl-oligonucleotide conjugates as potential cellular uptake enhancers”. Navarro, N. et al. SYNLETT, in press (2024). doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1751528.

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U29-S03. Special nucleotides for oligonucleotide synthesis. (Remote) OUTSTANDING

Special nucleotides for oligonucleotide synthesis

This service is dedicated to the custom synthesis of modified nucleotides such as nucleoside monophosphates or triphosphates as well as special phosphoramidites or functionalized solid supports functionalized with small molecules resistant to ammonia deprotection for the preparation of oligonucleotide conjugates.

Special nucleotides for oligonucleotide synthesis

For those services identified as outstanding, at least 20% of their capacity is open under competitive access. See Annex 1 of ACCESS PROTOCOL (provided by Nanbiosis) for details on % of openness for each service

Customer benefits

The service benefits from the 40-years’ experience of the researchers participating in the service with hundreds of scientific communications on improving the methodology used for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. This includes a range of modified nucleotides and terminal modifications not available in other services. In addition, the service can develop customized solutions for molecules not covered in the bibliography.

Target customer

The primary audience are research groups and companies involved in gene therapy, gene silencing and the development of nucleic acid-based diagnostic tools.

References

1) “Oligonucleotides containing 1’-aminomethyl or 1’-mercaptomethyl-2’-deoxy-D-ribofuranoses: Synthesis, purification, characterization and conjugation with fluorophores and lipids”. Martín-Nieves, V. et al. Bioconjugate Chem, 32, 350-366 (2021).
2) “Efficient bioactive oligonucleotide-protein conjugation for cell-targeted cancer therapy”. Aviñó, A. et al. Chemistry Open, 8, 382-387 (2019).
3) “Thioctic acid derivatives as building blocks to incorporate DNA oligonucleotides onto gold nanoparticles”. Pérez-Rentero, S. et al. Molecules, 19, 10495-10523 (2014).

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U29-S01. Synthesis of oligonucleotides and characterization (On-site & Remote). OUTSTANDING

Synthesis of oligonucleotides and characterization

This service is dedicated to the custom synthesis of modified oligonucleotides including phosphorothioate linkages, 2’-O-methyl-RNA, 2’-O-MOE-RNA, 2′-F-RNA, Locked nucleic acids (LNA), modified nucleotides and several others. The oligonucleotides will be prepared on a 1 micromol scale. Purification and characterization will include reversed-phase HPLC analysis and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF).

Synthesis of oligonucleotides at various different scales (100 microg to 5 mg) and purification using HPLC and/or desalting.

Customer benefits

The service benefits from the 40-years’ experience of the researchers involved in the service, with hundreds of scientific communications on improving the methodology used for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. This expertise includes a range of modified nucleotides and terminal modifications that are not available in other services. In addition, the service can develop customized solutions for molecules not covered in the bibliography.

Target customer

The primary audience are research groups and companies involved in mutagenesis, gene therapy,  gene inhibition, the development of nucleic acid-based diagnostic tools, or the study of nucleic acid structure and nucleic acid-protein interaction.

References

1) “Detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus by Triplex Enhanced Nucleic Acid Detection Assay (TENADA)”, Aviñó, A., et al. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23, 15258 (2022).
2) “Properties of parallel tetramolecular G-quadruplex carrying N-acetylgalactosamine as potential enhancers for oligonucleotide delivery to hepatocytes”. Clua, A. et al. Molecules, 27, 3944, (2022).
3) “Chemical modifications in nucleic acids for therapeutic and diagnostic applications”. Fàbrega, C., Aviñó, A., Eritja, R. The Chemical Record, 22, e202100270 (2022).

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U19-S02.

Animal Model Studies

This service is responsible for conducting regulatory studies for the pharmaceutical industry and interested companies. The safety and efficacy studies are carried out using small and large animal models for the different organic systems, also including animal models of different pathologies.

Customer benefits

These studies are carried out under strict quality regulations, certified with ISO-9001 and Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), quality standards that allow the production of high-precision results.
Therefore, safety and efficacy studies in animal models can be carried out in compliance with the strict guidelines of regulatory agencies, ensuring the reliability and traceability of all results and tests carried out in their different services.

Target customer

The services offered in this unit may be of interest to different companies and laboratories that work within the pharmaceutical industry. Companies whose objective is to test possible candidates for molecules, drugs or medical devices in animal models of specific pathologies.

References

  1. J Bote, et al. Novel ex-vivo database of a murine model of colorectal cancer using optical coherence tomography. Surg Endosc (2022) 36:S325–S674
  2. V Lucas-Cava, et al. Prostatic artery occlusion: Initial findings on pathophysiological response in a canine prostate model. Translational Andrology and Urology. Transl Androl Urol 2022.
  3. Soria F, et al. Heparin coating in biodegradable ureteral stents does not decrease bacterial colonization-assessment in ureteral stricture endourological treatment in animal model. Transl Androl Urol. 2021 Apr;10(4):1700-1710.
  4. Baez-Díaz C, et al. Microencapsulated Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 therapy improves cardiac function and reduces fibrosis in a porcine acute myocardial infarction model. Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 28;10(1):7166.
  5. Moreno-Lobato, B, et al. Use of nanomedicine in preclinical wound healing studies. FarmaJournal; Salamanca T 4, N.º 1, (Feb 2019): 178.
  6. Picado Román, N, et al. Drugs most used in experimental animals in a Research Center. FarmaJournal; Salamanca T 4, N.º 1, (Feb 2019): 236.
  7. Moreno-Lobato B, et al. Analytical Validation Study of Hematological Parameters under Good Laboratory Practice Regulations in Different Laboratory Animal Species. Thromb Haemost Res. 2019; 3(1): 1018.
  8. Ballestín A, et al. A Pre-clinical Rat Model for the Study of Ischemia reperfusion Injury in Reconstructive Microsurgery. J Vis Exp. 2019 Nov 8;(153).
  9. R Blázquez , et al. Altered hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters in a porcine myocardial infarction model: predictive biomarkers for the severity of myocardial infarction. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 205 (2018) 49–57.
  10. Vela FJ, et al. Evaluation of antigen-induced synovitis in a porcine model: Immunological, arthroscopic and kinetic studies. BMC Vet Res. 2017. Apr 7;13(1):93.

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U28-S021. Nuclear Molecular Imaging (PET/SPECT/CT)(Onsite&Remote)


Applications:

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U28-S020. High Content Screening

High Content Screening

High content screening (HCS) attempts to bridge the gap between microscopy and cytometry, providing both large quantities of statically useful and phenotypically rich data. HCS combines automated microscopy with customizable algorithms able to detect and quantify many different types of phenotypic information in both fixed and living cultured cells. The Perkin Elmer Operetta HCS system combines automated imaging with advanced Harmony HCS software, which contains many common algorithms such as nuclei and cell detection, as well as the ability to automatically detect complex phenotypes through machine learning.

Customer benefits

We have SOPs and ISO9001 certification. We also have specialist technicians for the use of the equipment.

This service is essential to:

  • Fast and statistically robust toxicity assays using adherent cells with the advantage of being able to visually confirm cell morphology.
  • Drug dose-response curve calculation: On a single plate, multiple concentrations or combinations of compounds can be easily and quickly tested.
  • Screening for specific phenotypes in cultured cells using libraries of small molecules, siRNAs, or other biologically-active collections.
  • Screening for complex phenotypes: many cytological effects cannot be detected easily by cytometry Operetta allows complex phenotypes (eg organelle distribution or cell organization changes) to be detected automatically and reliably.
  • Long-term cell culture studies: Operetta is equipped with temperature and CO2 control, making it suitable for maintaining live cultured cells in optimal conditions during image acquisition.

Target customer

Any company or research group interested in:

  • High content screening design and setup advice The most important step in performing a successful HCS screen is good experimental design and planning.
  • Experimental validation and pilot study testing For more complex projects, it is essential to perform preliminary tests to identify possible problems with labeling, marker expression, cell morphology, and other sources of variability before expending valuable time and reagents.
  • Custom experiments and HCS analysis design: we can design both assays and custom automatic image analysis pipelines using the Harmony platform based on your requirements.
  • Integrated cytotoxicity testing service We have developed robust protocols from the incubation of cultured cells with test compounds to measuring cytotoxic responses at different time points Different criteria such as plasma membrane integrity, metabolic activity, or intracellular esterase activity can be chosen depending on experimental requirements.

References

  1. E. Gómez-González, C. Caro, M.L. García-Martín, A.I. Becerro,* M Ocaña. Outstanding MRI contrast with Dysprosium phosphate Nanoparticles of tuneable size. Nanoscale 2022, 14, 11461-11470. doi: 10.1039/D2NR02630A
  2. Caro C, Guzzi C, Moral-Sánchez I, Urbano-Gámez JD, Beltrán AM, García-Martín ML. Smart Design of ZnFe and ZnFe@Fe Nanoparticles for MRI-Tracked Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy: Challenging Classical Theories of Nanoparticles Growth and Nanomagnetism. Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Feb 2:e2304044. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202304044. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38303644.

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U28-S019. Fluorescence microscopy

Fluorescence microscopy

Conventional widefield fluorescence microscopy is still the best choice for many applications. The CCD and CMOS-based sensors used for conventional microscopy are typically much more sensitive than the photomultiplier tubes used in confocal microscopes and flow cytometers. As the camera captures the whole field of view at the same time, it also allows for faster imaging in many cases. Examples where conventional microscopy may be advantageous include the visualization of individual molecules, receptors, or small organisms such as bacteria and yeast.

Customer benefits

We have SOPs and ISO9001 certification. We also have specialist technicians for the use of the equipment.

This service is essential to:

  • Nanoscale imaging of fixed samples
  • Dynamic imaging of cytoskeletal structures, focal adhesion formation, as well as endocytosis and vesicle dynamics in live cells.
  • Fluorescent analysis of histological samples.

Target customer

Any company or research group interested in:

  • Long-term (>4 days) imaging of bacterial colonies and bacterial interactions using DIC, temperature control, autofocus, and multi-field imaging.
  • Routine multi-color fluorescent analysis of histological samples where confocal or other more advanced methods are not necessary.
  • Imaging of bone, muscle, or connective tissues in histological samples using circularly-polarised light.

References

Carrillo P, Bernal M, Téllez-Quijorna C, Marrero AD, Vidal I, Castilla L, Caro C, Domínguez A, García-Martín ML, Quesada AR, Medina MA, Martínez-Poveda B. The synthetic molecule stauprimide impairs cell growth and migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Feb;158:114070. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114070. Epub 2022 Dec 14. PMID: 36526536.

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U28-S018. Super-resolution microscopy

Super-resolution microscopy

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (or TIRF) is a powerful technique that combines the sensitivity of conventional fluorescence with selective illumination to improve the contrast of features very close to the sample coverslip. TIRF is often used for studies related to membrane dynamics, receptor-ligand interactions, and vesicular transport.
The intrinsic diffraction of light has historically made it difficult to use fluorescence to distinguish structures closer than 200nm apart. Super-resolution microscopy refers to techniques that selectively activate fluorescent molecules to map their position with up to 10 times more accuracy than conventional fluorescent microscopy. The Nikon N-Storm system is capable of localizing molecules with a resolution of up to 20nm and is compatible with all most current localization protocols and fluorophores (including Alexafluor 647 and Atto488).

Customer benefits

We have SOPs and ISO9001 certification. We also have specialist technicians for the use of the equipment.

This service is essential to:

  • Nanoscale imaging of fixed samples
  • Dynamic imaging of cytoskeletal structures, focal adhesion formation, as well as endocytosis and vesicle dynamics in live cells.
  • Single-molecule studies and localization microscopy modalities including N-STORM, Direct STORM, and PALM.
  • Fluorescent analysis of histological samples.

Target customer

Any company or research group interested in:

  • STORM image processing: we can convert localization imaging data into SR images using both proprietary and open source software packages.
  • TIRF imaging of membrane and/or cytoskeletal dynamics in live adherent cells using commercial fluorescent labels such as DiR, FM4-64, and Cell-Light or user-supplied reagents.
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U28-S017. Multiphoton Microscopy

Multiphoton Microscopy

Multi- or two-photon (2P) microscopy takes advantages of the near simultaneous absorption of two or more photons which act to excite a fluorescent molecule with the combined energy of all the photons. In practice, this means that lower energy infrared (IR) light can be used to see fluorescent molecules that are normally excited by high energy ultraviolet and visible wavelength. As IR light is less susceptible to diffusion and absorption, we can visualise fluorescent molecules at greater depths than conventional microscopy. Infrared light also tends to beless damaging to live tissues than UV or blue excitation, making it ideal for timelapse imaging of model organisms or tissue explants.

Customer benefits

We have SOPs and ISO9001 certification. We also have specialist technicians for the use of the equipment.

This service is essential to:

  • 3D imaging of fixed multi-color immunofluorescence preparations
  • Long-term and high-speed live cell imaging.
  • FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching) and photoactivation methods for studying molecular dynamics.
  • Foster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) for studying molecular interactions at sub–nanometric distances.
  • Characterization of single (1P) and two (2P) photon fluorescence properties of novel materials in vitro and in vivo.
  • Two-photon deep tissue imaging (>100 microns) of fluorescent proteins.

Target customer

Any company or research group interested in:

  • Integrated cellular interaction analyses; we offer rapid assays analyzing uptake and subcellular localization of fluorescently-labeled molecules in standard cultured cell lines
  • Quantitative, semi-quantitative, and comparative analyses of fluorescent expression/staining in different models. We can advise on the required controls or limitations of different methodologies
  • Co-localisation studies comparing localization with standard sub-cellular markers, fluorescent proteins, and antibodies with rigorous statistical analysis performed using commercial (IMARIS) and open-source (FIJI) co-localization analysis tools.
  • We specialize in the long-term (>4d) microscopic visualization of cell models, including primary cells, model organisms, and bacterial colonies
  • 3D quantification and visualization using the advanced IMARIS 3D analysis package, including volume quantification, 3D object tracking, and cell type and subcellular organelle counting
  • Two-photon emission and excitation spectra measurements and Quantum efficiency (QE) estimation by comparison with reference compounds.
  • High-resolution intravital imaging of sub-surface tissues taking advantage of higher tissue penetration of two-excitation and the long working distance 25x water immersion objective

References

  1. Caro C, Gámez F, Quaresma P, Páez-Muñoz JM, Domínguez A, Pearson JR, Pernía Leal M, Beltrán AM, Fernandez-Afonso Y, De la Fuente JM, Franco R, Pereira E, García-Martín ML. Fe3O4-Au Core-Shell Nanoparticles as a Multimodal Platform for In Vivo Imaging and Focused Photothermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2021 Mar 20;13(3):416. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030416. PMID: 33804636; PMCID: PMC8003746.
  2. Zanocco RP, Bresolí-Obach R, Nájera F, Pérez-Inestrosa E, Zanocco AL, Lemp E, Nonell S. NanoFN10: A High-Contrast Turn-On Fluorescence Nanoprobe for Multiphoton Singlet Oxygen Imaging. Sensors (Basel). 2023 May 9;23(10):4603. doi: 10.3390/s23104603. PMID: 37430516; PMCID: PMC10222627.

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